Highways in Croatia are the main transport network in Croatia. The primary high-speed motorways are called autoceste (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈaʊtotsesta]; singular: autocesta), and they are defined as roads with at least three lanes in each direction (including hard shoulder) and a speed limit of not less than 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). They are marked with a special road sign, similar to the road sign depicting an motorway/autoroute/autobahn in other parts of Europe.[1] In Croatia this sign has green background.
The term autocesta is often translated by Croatians simply as highway, which can be confusing because a highway can be any main road, and the terms motorway (British English) and freeway (American English) would be more precise.
The national speed limit on an autocesta, effective in case no other speed limits are present, is 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph), with a legal tolerance of 10% on speeds over 100 km/h (as of 2009).
Contents |
The Croatian classification includes several classes of highways:[2]
Other than these, the national road classification includes the following categories which may also be referred to as highways in a general sense, with decreasing order of priority (and applicability of the term highway):
The maintenance agencies also differ according to the classification - the designated motorways are maintained by Hrvatske Autoceste (Croatian Motorways Ltd) and other concessionaires, the designated state roads are maintained by Hrvatske ceste (HC), while the county and local roads are managed by various county authorities. The road maintenance agencies are governed by various laws issued by the Parliament as well as bylaws issued by the Ministry of Transport.[2][3]
Motorways in Croatia are defined by the Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure.[4] The same applies to names of the motorway interchanges and rest areas.[5] Likewise, the same legislation defines the origin of motorway chainages - at the northern or the western terminus of the motorway - and the motorway markings themselves. The markings are defined as consisting of letter "A" and the motorway number assigned by the legislation, except if a specific motorway is executed in construction stages and considered an expressway, in which case the applicable motorway number is preceded by letter "B" instead.
Generally, the motorways in Croatia are developed and maintained by Hrvatske Autoceste (Croatian Motorways Ltd). There are several exceptions to this, namely Zagreb (Lučko) - Bosiljevo 2 section of the A1 motorway, the A6 and the A7 motorways which are managed by Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb (Rijeka - Zagreb Motorway), the A2 motorway, managed by Autocesta Zagreb - Macelj (Zagreb - Macelj Motorway) and the A8 and the A9 motorways which are managed by BINA Istra.
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
A1 | Zagreb (A3) - Karlovac - Karlovac - Bosiljevo (A6) - Split - Ravča |
A2 | Zagreb (A3) - Krapina - Macelj |
A3 | Bregana - Zagreb (A1, A2, A4) - Slavonski Brod - Sredanci (A5) - Županja - Lipovac |
A4 | Zagreb (A3) - Varaždin - Goričan |
A5 | Sredanci (A3) - Đakovo - Osijek |
A6 | Bosiljevo (A1) - Rijeka (A7) |
A7 | Rupa - Rijeka (A6) - Sveti Kuzam |
A9 | Pula - Kanfanar (A8) |
A11 | Velika Gorica - Buševec |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
A1 | Ravča - Vrgorac - Ploče |
A7 | Sveti Kuzam - Križišće |
A9 | Rogovići - Kanfanar (A9) (expressway upgrade) |
A9 | Umag - Kanfanar (A8) (expressway upgrade) |
A11 | Jakuševec interchange (A3) - Velika Gorica |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
A1 | Ploče - Doli - Dubrovnik |
A5 | Osijek - Beli Manastir - border crossing to Hungary and Sredanci - border crossing to Bosnia and Herzegovina |
A7 | Križišće - Crikvenica - Novi Vinodolski - Senj - Žuta Lokva (A1) |
A8 | Rogovići - Matulji (A7) (expressway upgrade, some alterations of the route) |
A10 | Metković border crossing - Metković interchange (A1) |
A11 | Buševec - Lekenik - Sisak - Mošćenica |
A12 | Sveta Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec - Koprivnica (a part of the route currently executed as an expressway) |
A13 | Vrbovec - Bjelovar - Virovitica |
There is a wide variety of types of expressways in Croatia, in terms of number of lanes, accessibility and types of intersections comprised. They range from four lane expressways with grade-separated intersections and limited access - distinguished from the motorways by lack of emergency lanes only - to four or six lane urban expressways with numerous at-grade intersections and traffic lights or two lane limited access roads with grade separated intersections. The expressways include both incomplete motorways, built in stages,[5] and some state roads (with either limited access, more than two traffic lanes, grade-separated intersections or any combination thereof). There are even some instances of county roads which may be regarded expressways such as Jadranska Avenue (Ž1040).
As a rule, the expressways are not tolled, however major bridges and tunnels on the B8 and the B9 expressways are tolled.
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
A8 | Kanfanar (A9) - Rogovići - Matulji (A7) (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
A9 | Kanfanar (A8) - Umag (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D1 | sections through Karlovac[6] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections) |
D1 | Dugopolje interchange (A1) - Split[7] (three lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D2 | Osijek southern bypass[7] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D8 | sections through Split[8] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections) |
A12 D28 |
Sveta Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) The road is currently physically marked D28, however pursuant to applicable legislation and an agreement between Hrvatske Autoceste and Hrvatske ceste made in 2009, the expressway management is transferred to the former, the road is designated as A12 (the legislation stipulates that it shall be marked B12 until it is upgraded to motorway standards). |
D424 | Zadar 2 interchange (A1) - Zadar[9] (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D425 | Karamatići - Ploče[10] (four/two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D522 | Šibenik (Tromilja) interchange (A1) - Šibenik[11] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
D533 | Gornja Ploča interchange (A1) - Udbina[12] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
State roads are defined by legislation[13] as important routes for road traffic between various parts of the country. Classification of a road as a state road does not describe actual conditions of the road itself.
State roads in Croatia are assigned one, two or three digit numbers which generally comply with the following pattern (although there are some exceptions to the rules):
At the moment the state roads in Croatia have a combined length of 6,819.7 km (4,237.6 mi).
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D1 | Macelj - Krapina - Karlovac - Knin - Split |
D2 | Dubrava Križovljanska - Varaždin - Koprivnica - Virovitica - Našice - Osijek - Vukovar - Ilok |
D3 | Goričan - Čakovec - Varaždin - Zagreb - Karlovac - Rijeka |
D5 | Terezino Polje - Virovitica - Daruvar - Okučani - Stara Gradiška |
D6 | Jurovski Brod - Ribnik - Karlovac - Vojnić - Glina - Dvor |
D7 | Duboševica - Beli Manastir - Osijek - Đakovo - Slavonski Šamac |
D8 | Pasjak - Rijeka - Senj - Zadar - Split - Makarska - Klek; Zaton Doli - Dubrovnik - Karasovići |
D9 | Metković - Opuzen (D8) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D20 | Čakovec (D3) - Prelog - Drnje (D41) |
D21 | Kaštel – Buje – Medaki interchange (A9) – Bale – Pula (D400) |
D22 | Novi Marof (D3) – Križevci – Sv. Ivan Žabno (D28) |
D23 | Duga Resa (D3) – Josipdol – Žuta Lokva – Senj (D8) |
D24 | Zabok (D1) – Zlatar Bistrica – D. Konjšćina – Budinšćina – Novi Marof – Varaždinske Toplice – Ludbreg (D2) |
D25 | Korenica (D1) – Bunić – Lički Osik – Gospić – Karlobag (D8) |
D26 | Vrbovec (D28) - Čazma - Garešnica - Dežanovac - Daruvar (D5) |
D27 | Gračac (D1) - Obrovac - Benkovac - Stankovci - D8 |
D28 | Sv. Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec interchange - Bjelovar - Veliki Zdenci (D5) |
D29 | N. Golubovec (D35) - Zlatar Bistrica - Marija Bistrica - Soblinec (D3) |
D30 | Buzin interchange (A3) - Velika Gorica - Petrinja - Hrvatska Kostajnica - Hrvatska Kostajnica |
D31 | V. Gorica (D30) - G. Viduševac - D6 |
D32 | Prezid - Delnice (D3) |
D33 | Strmica - Knin - Drniš - Šibenik (ferry port) |
D34 | Daruvar (D5) - Suhopolje (D2) - Donji Miholjac - Josipovac (D2) |
D35 | Varaždin (D2) - Lepoglava - Sv. Križ Začretje (D1) |
D36 | Karlovac (D1) - Pokupsko - Sisak - Popovača interchange (A3) |
D37 | Sisak (D36) - Petrinja - Glina (D6) |
D38 | Pakrac (D5) - Požega - Pleternica - Đakovo (D7) |
D39 | Aržano - Cista Provo - Dubci (D8) |
D40 | Čavle (D3) - Čavle interchange (A6) - D8 |
D41 | Gola - Koprivnica - Križevci - Vrbovec (D28) |
D42 | Vrbovsko (D3) - Ogulin - Josipdol - Plaški - Selište Drežničko (D1) |
D43 | Đurđevac (D2) - Bjelovar - Čazma - Ivanić Grad interchange (A3) |
D44 | Ponte Portone (D21) - Buzet - Lupoglav interchange (A8) |
D45 | V. Zdenci (D5) - Garešnica - Kutina interchange (A3) |
D46 | Đakovo (D7) - Vinkovci - Tovarnik |
D47 | Lipik (D5) - Novska - Hrvatska Dubica - Hrvatska Kostajnica - Dvor (D6) |
D48 | Baderna (D21) - Pazin - Rogovići interchange (A8) |
D49 | Pleternica - Lužani interchange (A3) |
D50 | Žuta Lokva (D23) - Otočac - Gospić - Gračac (D27) |
D51 | Gradište (D53) - Požega - Nova Gradiška interchange (A3) |
D52 | Špilnik (D50) - Korenica (D1) |
D53 | D. Miholjac - Našice - Slavonski Brod |
D54 | Maslenica (D8) - Zaton Obrovački (D27) |
D55 | Borovo (D2) - Vinkovci - Županja |
D56 | Tromilja interchange (D424) - Benkovac - Skradin - Drniš - Muć - Klis-Grlo interchange (D1) |
D57 | Vukovar (D2) - Orolik - Nijemci - Lipovac interchange (A3) |
D58 | Šibenik (port) - Boraja - Trogir (D8) |
D59 | Knin (D1) - Kistanje - Bribirske Mostine - Putičanje - Kapela (D8) |
D60 | Brnaze (D1) - Trilj - Cista Provo - Imotski - Vinjani Donji |
D62 | Šestanovac (D39) - Zagvozd - Vrgorac - Kula Norinska - Metković (D9) |
D64 | Pazin (D48) - Podpićan - Vozilići (D66) |
D66 | Pula (D400) - Labin - Opatija - Matulji (D8) |
D69 | Slatina (D2) - Čeralije - Voćin - Zvečevo - Kamensko (D38) |
D70 | Omiš (D8) - Naklice - Gata - Blato n/C interchange (A1) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D100 | Porozina (ferry port) - Cres - Mali Lošinj |
D101 | (D100) - Merag (ferry port) |
D102 | Šmrika (D8) - Krk - Baška |
D103 | (D102) - Rijeka airport |
D104 | (D102) - Valbiska (ferry port) |
D105 | Lopar (ferry port) - Rab - Mišnjak (ferry port) |
D106 | Žigljen (ferry port) - Novalja - Pag - Posedarje (D8) |
D107 | Stara Novalja (ferry port) - (D106) |
D108 | Gorica (D106) - Povljana |
D109 | Veli Rat - Soline - Telašćica |
D110 | Muline (ferry port) - Ugljan - Tkon (ferry port) |
D111 | Maslinica - Grohote - Stomorska |
D112 | Rogač (ferry port) - (D111) |
D113 | Supetar - Nerežišće - Sumartin (ferry port) |
D114 | Milna - Sutivan - Supetar (D113) |
D115 | G. Humac (D113) - Bol |
D116 | Vira (ferry port) - Hvar - Milna - Starigrad (ferry port) - Sućuraj |
D117 | Komiža - Podhum - Vis |
D118 | Vela Luka - Smokvica - Korčula |
D119 | Ubli - Lastovo |
D120 | Pomena - Polače - Sobra - Saplunara |
D121 | Murter - Tisno - (D8) |
D123 | Sobra (ferry port) - (D120) |
D124 | Brbinj (ferry port) - Brbinj - (D109) |
D125 | Zaglav (ferry port) - (D109) |
D126 | Trogir (D315) - Arbanija - Slatine |
D128 | Uvala Mikavica - Žirje (ferry port) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D200 | Plovanija border checkpoint - Buje (D21) |
D201 | Požane border checkpoint - Buzet (D44) |
D203 | Brod na Kupi border checkpoint - Delnice (D3) |
D204 | Pribanjci border checkpoint - Bosanci (D3) - Bosiljevo 1 interchange (A1) |
D205 | Razvor border checkpoint - Kumrovec - Klanjec - Gubaševo (D1) |
D206 | Hum na Sutli border checkpoint - Pregrada - Krapina (D1) |
D207 | Hum na Sutli (D206) - Lupinjak - Đurmanec (D1) |
D208 | Trnovec border checkpoint - Nedelišće (D3) |
D209 | Mursko Središće border checkpoint - Šenkovec - Čakovec (D3) |
D210 | Gola (D41) - Ždala - Molve - Virje (D2) |
D211 | Baranjsko Petrovo Selo border checkpoint - Baranjsko Petrovo Selo (D517) |
D212 | Batina border checkpoint - Kneževi Vinogradi - D7 |
D213 | Erdut border checkpoint - D2 |
D214 | Gunja border checkpoint - Županja (D55) |
D216 | Maljevac border checkpoint - Kolarić - Vojnić (D6) |
D217 | Ličko Petrovo Selo border checkpoint - Grabovac (D1) |
D218 | Užljebić border checkpoint - Donji Lapac - Sučević (D1) |
D219 | Bili Brig border checkpoint - Obrovac Sinjski - Sinj - Gornji Muć (D56) |
D220 | Kamensko border checkpoint - Trilj - Čaporice (D60) - Bisko interchange (A1) |
D222 | Mali Prolog border checkpoint - D62 |
D223 | Gornji Brgat border checkpoint - Dubac (D8) |
D224 | Mošćenica (D37) - Blinjski Kut - Sunja - Panjani (D30) |
D225 | Harmica border checkpoint - Brdovec - Zaprešić interchange (A2) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D300 | Umag - Buje (D21) |
D301 | Novigrad - Bužanija - Nova Vas - Porte Portone (D21) |
D302 | Poreč - Baderna (D21) |
D303 | Rovinj - Kanfanar interchange (A9) |
D304 | Kastav - Rubeši - Diračje interchange (A7) - D8 |
D305 | D32 - Čabar |
D306 | Vir - Nin - Zadar (D8) |
D307 | Gubaševo (D1) - Oroslavje - Donja Stubica - Marija Bistrica (D29) |
D310 | Jastrebarsko (D1) - Jastrebarsko interchange (A1) |
D312 | D47 - Novska |
D313 | Nova Gradiška - Rešetari (D51) |
D314 | D2 - Orahovica |
D315 | Trogir (D126) - Pantana (D409) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D400 | Pula (D21) - Pula ferry port |
D401 | D66 - Pula Airport |
D402 | D66 - Brestova ferry port |
D403 | Škurinje interchange (A7) - Port of Rijeka (west) |
D404 | Draga interchange (A7) - Port of Brajdica - Rijeka (D8) |
D405 | D8 - Jablanac ferry port |
D406 | D8 - Prizna ferry port |
D407 | Zadar (D8) - Zadar ferry port |
D408 | D30 - Zagreb Airport (Pleso) |
D409 | Plano (D8) - Split Airport (Resnik) |
D410 | Visoka (D8) - Split ferry port |
D411 | Makarska west (D8) - Makarska ferry port |
D412 | Drvenik (D8) - Drvenik ferry dock |
D413 | Ploče (D8) - Port of Ploče |
D414 | Zaton Doli (D8) - Ston - Orebić ferry port |
D415 | Donja Banda (D414) - Trpanj ferry port |
D416 | Prapratno (D414) - Prapratno ferry port |
D417 | D2 - Osijek river port |
D418 | D2 - Osijek Airport (Klisa) |
D420 | Sustjepan (D8) - Port of Gruž |
D421 | Raša (D66) - Port of Bršica |
D422 | Babindub interchange (D424) - Zadar Airport |
D423 | Slavonski Brod (D514) - Port of Slavonski Brod |
D424 | Zadar 2 interchange (A1) - Port of Gaženica/Zadar |
D425 | Čeveljuša interchange (D8) - Karamatići (D513) |
Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
---|---|
D500 | Vranja interchange (A8) - Šušnjevica - Kršan (D64) |
D501 | Gornje Jelenje (D3) - Oštrovica interchange (A6) - Meja - Križišće - Šmrika (D8) |
D502 | Donji Zemunik (D56) - Smilčić - Karin (D27) |
D503 | Zapužane (D27) - Biograd na Moru ferry port |
D504 | Ličko Petrovo Selo (D217) - Prijeboj (D1) |
D506 | D218 - Dobroselo - Mazin - D1 |
D507 | Valentinovo (D206) - Krapinske Toplice - Gubaševo (D205) |
D508 | Macelj (D1) - Trakošćan - Lepoglava (D35) |
D510 | D200 - D21 |
D512 | Makarska (D8) - Ravča (D62) |
D513 | Ploče (D8) - Mali Prolog (D62) |
D514 | Slavonski Brod (D53) - Slavonski Brod istok (east) interchange (A3) |
D515 | Našice (D2) - Đakovo (D7) |
D516 | Karasovići (D8) - Konfin border checkpoint |
D517 | Beli Manastir (D7) - Belišće - Valpovo - Koška (D2) |
D518 | Osijek (D2) - Jarmina (D46) |
D519 | Dalj (D213) - Borovo Naselje (D2) |
D520 | Babina Greda interchange (A3) - Slavonski Šamac (D7) |
D522 | Gornja Ploča interchange (A1) - Lovinac - Udbina (D1) |
D523 | Šmrika (D8) - Križišće (D501) |
D524 | Bjelovar/Predavac (D28) - Bjelovar/Letičani (D43) |
D525 | Pleternica (D49) - Slavonski Brod zapad (west) interchange (A3) - Slavonski Brod (D53) |
D526 | Varaždinske Toplice interchange (A4) - Varaždinske Toplice (D24) |
D528 | Varaždin interchange (A4) - Varaždin (D2) |
D530 | Ludbreg interchange (A4) - Zamlaka (D2) |
D531 | Vrpolje interchange (A1) - Vrpolje (D58) |
D532 | Baška Voda (D8) - Zagvozd (D62) |
D533 | Tromilja (D33) - Vidici interchange (D8) |
D534 | Gospić interchange (A1) - Budak (D25) |
|